Sissy Bounce — an anomaly or just another transgendered musical tradition

Big Freedia Queen of New Orleans Bounce (Image by Incase. via Flickr)

Unexpectedly, when I was doing research on the history of a former blues nightclub district in North Richmond, California, I stumbled upon a facet  of that history I had not anticipated: the participant of cross-gendered performers and club-goers. And, in mainstream venues. It flew in the face of all my presumptions of the role of drag  performers in the history of American music and African American music in particular. Sensing that the community members I was interviewing would not take kindly to a slew of questions about drag performers and club-goers, I tread lightly on that subject and the only information I gleaned was from the one bandleader who told me about Jean LaRue, his best (not his only) drag queen singer –she was so popular that she did not work for the band but made separate deals with clubowners.

Transgendered performances became rare in the U.S. by the 1950s (McCarthyism‘s persecution of leftists was accompanied by an as serious persecution of homosexuals that accompanied a newly serious policing of gender roles). Most were for straight audiences as safe parody in the ministrel show tradition that is one of — if not the — wellsprings of American popular entertainment. There were also a few performances for the transgendered community, such as the ball tradition (see the excellent film Paris is Burning), but mixed audiences in mainstream venues did not see transgendered performers. And it still is rare. That is why it struck me when I learned about a sub-style of the Bounce style of hip-hop out of New Orleans called “Sissy Bounce” from a N.Y. Times article by Jonathan Dee in July 2010. Here’s a taste of that article, which is worth checking out in its entirety:

If “gay rapper” is an oxymoron where you come from, how to get your head around the notion of a gay rapper performing in a sports bar? What in most cities might seem plausible only as some sort of Sacha Baron Cohen-style provocation is just another weeknight in the cultural Galapagos that is New Orleans. Sometime after midnight on the sweltering Thursday before Memorial Day, the giant plasma-screen TVs at the Sports Vue bar (which “proudly airs all major Pay Per View events from the world of Boxing and Ultimate Fighting”) were all switched off, and the bar’s backroom turned into a low-lit, low-ceilinged dance club, where more than 300 people awaited a return engagement by Big Freedia, who by day runs an interior-decoration business and who is, to fans of the New Orleans variant of hip-hop music known as “bounce,” a superstar. (from Sissy Bounce, New Orleans’s Gender-Bending Rap).

The question I’m left with is if there are other transgendered performance traditions that have established a “respectable” position in particular locales or is New Orleans a special case (yet once again)? I look forward to learning more.

Musical Subversion: “Glee” version of Dr Dre’s “Bitches Ain’t Shit”

Reposted from Sociological Images


FINDING GLEE IN DR. DRE’S BITCHES AIN’T SHIT

Sociologist Michael Kimmel passed along a fantastic and entertaining example of resistance. In the video below, a Columbia University a cappella group sings Dr. Dre’s Bitches Ain’t Shit. The appropriation of the song works on so many levels: the all-white, all-female group, the sweet choral arrangement, the pastel prep fashion, the strategically placed tennis rackets. They use race, class, and gender contradictions to force us to see and hear the song in a new way. All serve to mock the original, taking the teeth out of the language at the same time that they expose it as grossly misogynistic. Awesome.


“Camera, Camera” — documentary on the pathological side of the tourist gaze

CAMERA, CAMERA is a stunning new documentary that shows Laos through the beauty and confusion of a traveler’s lens. The directorial debut of award-winning cinematographer Malcolm Murray, the film was written and features interviews by noted journalist and author Michael Meyer, and was produced by Peabody award-winning New York Times staff photographer Josh Haner. The film explores the implications of travel photography and traveling itself. People young and old arrive in Laos to discover and document a new world- both fragile and deceptively brutal. In ancient temples, in jungles, on rivers, in mountain villages, their flashes go off and moments are trapped forever. What does it mean to take a photograph in such a place? What do we wish to capture? And what do we find instead? Throughout CAMERA, CAMERA, Murray and Meyer recreate the experience of traveling. We see beautiful things, wonderful things, and horrible things – all strange and new. We see what the travelers see and discover what they don’t see as the plot moves deftly from the comical to the taboo, reveling in the experience of Laos, and lingering on things left unsaid. CAMERA, CAMERA is a documentary for anyone who has taken a photograph in a foreign country. The film quietly calls upon viewers to ponder the multifaceted and often ambiguous impacts of travel and photography on citizens of two worlds. Featuring music by Godspeed You! Black Emperor, James Blackwell, and Explosions in the Sky. Written by Malcolm Murray (writer/director plot summary on Internet Movie Database)

Malcolm Murray’s new documentary is getting some good reviews and I look forward to seeing it — go to the film’s website to see its softly disturbing trailer: Camera, Camera.

From Seth Mydans in the New York Times:

“Camera, Camera” captures one of the most disturbing examples I know of the way tourists can overwhelm their subjects. It is the scene of what once was a heart-stopping moment in the ancient town of Luang Prabang: the early morning procession of hundreds of barefoot monks in their bright orange robes, carrying begging bowls. (“Tourism Saves a Laotian City but Saps Its Buddhist Spirit,” April 15, 2008.)

As the film shows, this sacred ritual is now swarmed by scores of bustling tourists, some of whom lean in with cameras and flashes for closeups as the monks pad silently past. “Now we see the safari,” a local artist, Nithakhong Somsanith, told me bitterly. “They come in buses. They look at the monks the same as a monkey, a buffalo. It is theater. Now the monks have no space to meditate, no space for quiet.”

Toward the end of the film, the voice of an unseen, unnamed Australian traveler sums up the state of affairs. “I’m looking forward to getting away from the beaten path,” he says, “but I find everywhere I go, every time I change my plan and think I’m heading somewhere that might not be full of Westerners, I’m so, so wrong. It seems like there’s not much left that’s undiscovered.”

From the excellent blog site, Sociological Images:

Today many citizens of wealthy nations still yearn for “authentic” and “unique” travel experiences. It is somehow more prestigious to go where others do not. And human beings are still, often, the object of such tourism. This kind of travel, always ethically problematic, has become increasingly disruptive as fewer and fewer places are inaccessible and more and more people are able to afford to get there. For those humans identified as worthy of the tourist gaze, this may sometimes mean constant and overwhelming objectification.

Pathology may be a bit strong but there is something disturbing about the “touristic experience” — at least that practiced by Western tourists. The distorting effect of inundating a locale with the tourist gaze was brought home to me when I lived in Fes, Morocco. As my friend and fellow ex-pat David Amster said, “tourism corrupts,” meaning it corrupts every form of human relationship. That would be patently obvious to me when I visited the old city and quickly fell into a set of fairly rigid predetermined categories: mark, intruder, co-conspirator (once I became known), and, more rarely, a visitor offering a window on the world outside Fes. I felt this in Marrakech, Tangier and other Moroccan communities but no where was it more pronounced than in Fes which is so economically dependent on tourism and much of it in its most objectifying form: a stop on package bus tours of Morocco’s imperial cities. Still my most glaring experience of the dehumanizing effect of tourism directly involved the tourist gaze. In 2002, my wife and I visited the Alhamabra in Spain and saw hoards of European tourists quickly making the rounds, eyes glued to the viewfinders of their video cameras — objectifying not only the Alhambra but their own experience of it and THEMSELVES. AND NO I DO NOT HAVE ANY PHOTOS OF IT (BUT I WISH I DID).

Khaled and the myth of rai (Ted Swedenburg @ The Middle East Channel)

Excellent article by Ted Swedenburg on Khaled and rai — debunks prevalent misconceptions about both.  Brilliant!  Check out Ted’s HawgBlawg — well worth the time.

Khaled and the myth of rai | The Middle East Channel.

An excerpt:

Cheb Khaled, the Algerian rai singer who is probably the best-known Arabic singer on the planet, was selected this summer as one of NPR’s 50 Great Voices. Banning Eyre, a regular commentator on World Music on NPR and producer for Afropop Worldwide who has worked tirelessly to promote music from Africa, including the Maghreb, introduced Khaled to the NPR audience. Unfortunately, his introduction of Khaled repeated several unfortunate and misleading myths about rai music. Eyre presents a picture of an exceptional artist who favors tolerance and peace, and whose courageous positions have angered many Muslims and forced him to take refuge in the West. Eyre depicts Khaled as well as a kind of “bad boy,” in the image of a U.S. rock’n'roller. Khaled, from “a land [Algeria] torn apart by intolerance and violence,” says Eyre, “stood out as an artist who embraced openness and peace.” The real story of Khaled is more interesting, one rooted in Algerian politics and in its large and vibrant musical scene.

via Khaled and the myth of rai (Ted Swedenburg @ The Middle East Channel)

Is the future of jazz in its past?

THIS IS AN ADDENDUM TO AN EARLIER POST ON DECIPHERINGCULTURE.COM: Regenerating Jazz

Is the future of jazz in its past?

There’s a lot of talk lately about why jazz has been losing its audience despite decades of efforts to build infrastructure. There is hardly a university music program that does not include a jazz studies program and jazz festivals (and affiliated community programs) abound. The place of jazz in musical histories is secure and the tension between the “classical” and “revolutionary” approaches to jazz historiography  seems no longer relevant with the revolutionary voices having left the field (or at least become as absent from the media landscape as jazz itself seems to be — who’s carrying on Frank Kofsky‘s work now that he’s gone). The deep rooting of jazz in the African American experience has been subverted by its widespread acceptance as America’s classical music, its one true art form. I think this has implications for the survival of jazz as a vibrant part of America’s soundscape. The classicizing of jazz has been going on for a while.

The publication of Grover Sales’ Jazz: America’s Classical Music in 1984 sparked an intellectual and cultural frenzy. Sales not only transformed jazz from a cultural product rooted in the African American experience to a cultural product rooted in the American experience, but he also reclassified jazz (an urban folk music) as a national classical music. Whether or not Sales was the first to meAntion jazz as America’s classical music is not as important as the amount of publicity the idea received from the first printing of his text…. Today, jazz is more highly regarded as America’s classical music rather than America’s “rare and valuable national treasure.” In my opinion, these are two diametrically opposed concepts. (The Non-Classical Nature of America’s Classical Music by Emmet G. Price III in All About Jazz, 2003).

In my opinion, there has been a big downside to the success of the classicizing of jazz. Like European classical music, there is a general perception that the best jazz has to offer is firmly entrenched in the past, and not in the sense of a tradition and roots to draw upon but dead masters to venerate. This approach stultifies symphony programs and pushes innovative music to the margins. It seems to be doing the same to jazz.

THIS IS AN ADDENDUM TO AN EARLIER POST ON DECIPHERINGCULTURE.COM: Regenerating Jazz

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